In biology, the process by which a cell makes proteins using the genetic information carried in messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA is made by copying DNA, and the information it carries tells the cell how to link amino acids together to form proteins.

What is translation in DNA replication?

The process by which DNA is copied to RNA is called transcription, and that by which RNA is used to produce proteins is called translation.

What happens during translation?

During translation, ribosomal subunits assemble together like a sandwich on the strand of mRNA, where they proceed to attract tRNA molecules tethered to amino acids (circles). A long chain of amino acids emerges as the ribosome decodes the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or a new protein.

What is translation process?

Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA). … Translation occurs in a structure called the ribosome, which is a factory for the synthesis of proteins.

What is translation define its purpose?

Translation is an activity that aims at conveying meaning or meanings of a given linguistic discourse from one language to another. Translation can be defined in terms of sameness of meaning across languages. … Therefore, a translation can never ‘mean’ the same as the source text.

Why is translation important in biology?

The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. The genes in DNA encode protein molecules, which are the “workhorses” of the cell, carrying out all the functions necessary for life.

What do you mean by translator?

A translator is a program that converts source code into object code. Generally, there are three types of translator: compilers. interpreters. assemblers.

What does translation mean in math?

A translation is a transformation that occurs when a figure is moved from one location to another location without changing its size, shape or orientation. … To translate the point P(x,y) , a units right and b units up, use P'(x+a,y+b) .

What is translation in biochemistry?

Translation is a process by which polypeptides are synthesized from a mRNA transcript, which was previously synthesized from the process of transcription. During this process, tRNA acts as a carrier by bringing with it specific amino acids to the ribosome, which are then incorporated into a growing polypeptide chain.

Why do we need to study translation?

Translation enables effective communication between people around the world. It is a courier for the transmission of knowledge, a protector of cultural heritage, and essential to the development of a global economy. Highly skilled translators are key. Translation Studies helps practitioners develop those skills.

Article first time published on

Where does translation occur in humans?

Transcription occurs in the nucleus, whereas translation occurs in the cytoplasm.

How do you explain translation?

Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein synthesis. The genetic code describes the relationship between the sequence of base pairs in a gene and the corresponding amino acid sequence that it encodes.

What is the end result of translation?

When the ribosome reaches a stop codon, it releases the mRNA strand and amino acid sequence. The amino acid sequence is the final result of translation, and is known as a polypeptide. Polypeptides can then undergo folding to become functional proteins.

What is the outcome of translation?

The molecule that results from translation is protein — or more precisely, translation produces short sequences of amino acids called peptides that get stitched together and become proteins. During translation, little protein factories called ribosomes read the messenger RNA sequences.

What is translation example?

TranslatorExamplesCompilerMicrosoft Visual Studio GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) Common Business Oriented Language (COBOL)InterpreterOCaml List Processing (LISP) PythonAssemblerFortran Assembly Program (FAP) Macro Assembly Program (MAP) Symbolic Optimal Assembly Program (SOAP)

What is types of translation?

• Literary translation.
• Professional translation.
• Technical Translation.
• Administrative translation.

What is a vector of translation?

Translation vectors translate a figure from one place to another. … A translation vector is a type of transformation that moves a figure in the coordinate plane from one location to another. In other words, a translation vector can be thought of as a slide with no rotating.

What are the benefits of translation?

According to Technitrad, translation services provide the ability for two parties to communicate and exchange ideas from different countries. They can break down spoken word or translate documents to ensure that both parties understand each other in every format of communication.

Why translation is a science?

In the final analysis, translation is a science, an art, and a skill. It is a science in the sense that it necessitates complete knowledge of the structure and make-up of the two languages concerned.

How do translators help communication?

They can mediate between languages in a systematic and comprehensive way in different countries across the world. … Interpreters and translators aid in communication hitches by simply converting information provided to them verbally, either in person, over the phone and virtually, into simplified lay man’s language.

What is translation in biology example?

In biology, translation is a step in protein biosynthesis where a genetic code from a strand of mRNA is decoded to produce a particular sequence of amino acids. In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, it takes place on the ribosomes.

What is the product of translation?

The product of transcription is RNA, which can be encountered in the form mRNA, tRNA or rRNA while the product of translation is a polypeptide amino acid chain, which forms a protein.

What are the 7 steps of translation?

• mRNA binds to the small subunit of the ribosome.
• tRNA with anticodon complementary to the first codon to be translated on the mRNA binds to the ribosome.
• a second tRNA with an anticodon complementary to the second codon on the mRNA then binds.

What are the 4 steps of translation?

• Activation or charging of tRNA.
• Initiation – recognition of start codon, binding of ribosomal subunits to mRNA and formation of initiation complex with Met-tRNA at the P site.
• Elongation – peptide bond formation and growing of polypeptide chain.